Test Data & Fixtures

Purpose: Document how test data is created, configured, and managed in StockEase tests.

TestConfig Bean Setup
Mock Data Initialization
Test Properties
Mocking Strategies
Builder Patterns
Related Documentation

TestConfig Bean Setup

Purpose

TestConfig.java provides shared mock beans and configuration used across all test classes.

Location: backend/src/test/java/com/stocks/stockease/config/test/TestConfig.java

@Configuration
public class TestConfig {
    
    /**
     * Mock JwtUtil to avoid cryptographic operations in tests.
     */
    @Bean
    public JwtUtil jwtUtil() {
        return Mockito.mock(JwtUtil.class);
    }
    
    /**
     * Pre-configured SecurityContext for test users.
     */
    @Bean
    public SecurityContext securityContext() {
        SecurityContext context = SecurityContextHolder.createEmptyContext();
        context.setAuthentication(new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
            "testUser",
            "password",
            AuthorityUtils.createAuthorityList("ROLE_ADMIN", "ROLE_USER")
        ));
        return context;
    }
}

Using TestConfig

@WebMvcTest(ProductController.class)
@Import(TestConfig.class)  // Import shared beans
public class ProductCreateControllerTest {
    
    @Autowired
    private JwtUtil jwtUtil;  // From TestConfig
    
    @BeforeEach
    void setupMocks() {
        Mockito.when(jwtUtil.validateToken(Mockito.anyString()))
            .thenReturn(true);
    }
}

Mock Data Initialization

Pattern: Setup Test Objects

@BeforeEach
void setupTestData() {
    // User test data
    User testUser = new User(1L, "testuser", "password", "ROLE_USER");
    User adminUser = new User(2L, "admin", "password", "ROLE_ADMIN");
    
    // Product test data
    Product product1 = new Product("Product 1", 10, 100.0);
    product1.setId(1L);
    product1.setTotalValue(1000.0);
    
    Product product2 = new Product("Low Stock", 2, 50.0);
    product2.setId(2L);
    product2.setTotalValue(100.0);
    
    // Setup mocks
    when(productRepository.findAll())
        .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(product1, product2));
    when(productRepository.findById(1L))
        .thenReturn(Optional.of(product1));
    when(productRepository.findByQuantityLessThan(5))
        .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(product2));
}

Product Mock Examples

// Simple product
Product product = new Product("Test Product", 10, 100.0);
product.setId(1L);

// Low-stock product
Product lowStock = new Product("Low Stock", 2, 50.0);
lowStock.setId(2L);

// High-value product
Product expensive = new Product("Expensive", 1, 5000.0);
expensive.setId(3L);
expensive.setTotalValue(5000.0);

Test Properties

Test Database Configuration

File: backend/src/test/resources/application-test.properties

# In-memory H2 database (fast, no cleanup needed)
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=

# Hibernate with H2
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true

# Connection pooling
spring.datasource.hikari.connection-test-query=SELECT 1
spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=5

# Spring features
spring.jpa.open-in-view=false

Active Test Profile

@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles("test")  // Loads application-test.properties
class StockEaseApplicationTests {
    @Test
    void contextLoads() { }
}

Mocking Strategies

Strategy 1: Simple Return Value

@MockitoBean
private ProductRepository productRepository;

@BeforeEach
void setup() {
    Product product = new Product("Test", 10, 100.0);
    when(productRepository.findById(1L))
        .thenReturn(Optional.of(product));
}

Strategy 2: Return Different Values

when(productRepository.findById(1L))
    .thenReturn(Optional.of(product1))
    .thenReturn(Optional.of(product2));  // Second call

Strategy 3: Throw Exception

when(productRepository.findById(999L))
    .thenThrow(new EntityNotFoundException("Not found"));

Strategy 4: Use ArgumentMatchers

// Match any Product argument
when(productRepository.save(any(Product.class)))
    .thenReturn(product);

// Match specific value
when(productRepository.findById(eq(1L)))
    .thenReturn(Optional.of(product));

// Match with condition
when(productRepository.findByQuantityLessThan(anyInt()))
    .thenReturn(list);

Strategy 5: Verify Mock Was Called

@Test
void testProductCreation() throws Exception {
    mockMvc.perform(post("/api/products")
        .with(csrf())
        .with(user("admin").roles("ADMIN"))
        .content("{...}"))
    .andExpect(status().isOk());
    
    // Verify repository was called with any Product
    verify(productRepository, times(1))
        .save(any(Product.class));
}

Builder Patterns

Why Builders?

Instead of:

// ❌ Verbose
Product p = new Product("name", 10, 100.0);
p.setId(1L);
p.setTotalValue(1000.0);

Use (future):

// ✅ Fluent
Product p = ProductBuilder.builder()
    .id(1L)
    .name("name")
    .quantity(10)
    .price(100.0)
    .totalValue(1000.0)
    .build();

Future Implementation

File: backend/src/test/java/com/stocks/stockease/fixture/ProductBuilder.java (proposed)

public class ProductBuilder {
    
    private Long id;
    private String name = "Default Product";
    private int quantity = 10;
    private double price = 100.0;
    private double totalValue = 1000.0;
    
    public static ProductBuilder builder() {
        return new ProductBuilder();
    }
    
    public ProductBuilder id(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }
    
    public ProductBuilder name(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }
    
    public Product build() {
        Product product = new Product(name, quantity, price);
        if (id != null) product.setId(id);
        product.setTotalValue(totalValue);
        return product;
    }
}

Testing Fundamentals

Testing Strategy — Test data philosophy
Spring Slices — @MockitoBean patterns
Naming Conventions — Test data naming

Implementation Examples

Security Tests — User mock data
Controller Integration Tests — Product data examples

Main Architecture

Testing Architecture — Entry point
Backend Architecture — Models and entities

Last Updated: October 31, 2025
Version: 1.0
Status: ✅ Reflects current StockEase test data setup

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